自拟复音汤对声带息肉术后恢复的疗效探讨

目的：探讨自拟复音汤对声带息肉术后恢复的临床效果。方法选择我科住院手术的声带息肉患者共80例,按照随机数字分为两组,每组40例,其中对照组术后予制酸、超声雾化、禁声等治疗,观察组则在对照组的基础上使用本研究自拟复音汤治疗,连续治疗7d后,比较两组患者治疗前后发音改善积分及临床效果。结果两组治疗前主观嗓音评价差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,治疗后观察组主观嗓音评价显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）,观察组痊愈率90.0%,显著高于对照组的62.5%（P＜0.05）。结论自拟复音汤能更好地促进声带息肉患者术后恢复,提高临床治疗效果。     

日本血吸虫感染过程抗原定位的动态变化研究

本实验用ＩＦＡ方法，用日本血吸虫感染过程中的各期兔血清进行了成虫和虫卵的抗原定位研究，以观察抗原的定位随感染进程的动态变化。结果表明，用Ｒｏｓｓｍａｎ＇ｓ固定液固定的成虫石蜡切片的抗原定位及反应强弱依次为肠管壁、间质和皮层。雄性生殖系统，如睾丸可见荧光反应。雌性生殖系统未见荧光反应。雄虫的反应强度比雌虫强，尤其在间质部位最明显。成虫冰冻切片抗原定位反应最强的部位在皮层。间质较弱，肠管壁几乎阴性。对病鼠肝内虫卵抗原定位结果显示，石蜡切片抗原从感染后第４周起可见定位在虫卵内毛蚴的顶腺、侧腺及卵黄膜、卵间隙和卵壳上。顶腺和侧腺的阳性反应最强。第五周开始可见卵周有何博礼现象。冰冻切片的抗原也在第四周开始出现，定位在卵黄膜及卵壳上。     

Histological observations on the anterior olfactory nucleus in human

Aim: Localization of isolated clusters of anterior olfactory nucleus (AON) in a human olfactory bulb and tract. Materials and methods: This investigation was done on human olfactory bulbs and their tracts, collected from the freshly donated cadavers, before embalming, in the Department of Anatomy, IPGMER, Kolkata. H&E stained histological slides were prepared along the whole length of specimens and examined under a Leica DM 2000 microscope and with a Leica Quin image analyzer. Results: The anterior olfactory nucleus was detected in the form of a major cluster and in two smaller clusters of neurons. The major cluster was located at the caudal pole of the bulb and was composed of medium-sized triangular cells which had an average diameter of 13.92 ± 3.43 μm. Out of the two minor clusters, one was detected at the beginning and another at the middle of the olfactory tract. Here neurons were little larger in size and their diameter ranged approximately 15–17 μm. Olfactory striae also accommodated some neurons in a scattered manner. Conclusion: This observation will be helpful in exploration of the complex role of AON in the organization and function of the olfactory system and its clinical significance in human.     

Electron Microscopy Analysis of Early Localization of Cisplatin in Ovarian Carcinoma Cells

Taking advantage of the electron-dense nature of platinum, in this study the authors used an electron microscopy approach to investigate the cellular localization of cisplatin in an ovarian carcinoma cell line. Platinum spots were detected in contact with the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope as well as in the cytoplasm and nuclear matrices. Contact with the plasma membrane was through a single blunt contact or spanning through the membrane. No sequestration in intracellular vescicles was observed, thereby supporting that phagocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis were not occurring. A molecular analysis indicated lack of expression of aquaporin 9, thus excluding its involvement in the membrane translocation of cisplatin. The present data suggest that cisplatin rapidly accumulates in the cell through endocytosis-independent membrane translocation and are consistent with passive diffusion.     

纤维支气管镜用于成人喉罩定位的临床研究

目的探讨常规喉罩插入法喉罩理想位置的到位率,提高喉罩通气技术的安全性。方法采用纤维支气管镜(fiberoptic bronchoscope,FOB)对127例使用喉罩通气全麻的成年患者,验证喉罩插入位置的到位率,对插入喉罩位置不理想者在FOB直视下进行调整。结果常规喉罩插入法到位率为76.37%,经FOB直视下调整喉罩后所能达到1级者较之调整前明显增加(P<0.05);插入喉罩位置不当(位置分级≥2级)原因主要为深度不适宜。结论采用FOB对喉罩定位是一种准确、安全的方法,可以显著提高喉罩插入的到位率。     

VEEG在难治性癫痫术前致痫灶定位中的价值

目的 探讨视频脑电图(VEEG)、单光子发射计算断层扫描(SPECT)、正电子发射断层扫描(PET)技术在术前进行致痫灶定位中的价值.方法 175例手术治疗的难治性癫痫患者,术前全部行VEEG检查,59例行VEEG +蝶骨电极记录,46例行PET致痫灶定位,61例行SPECT定位.并与术中皮层脑电图(ECoG)的结果进行比较.结果 术前VEEG定位、VEEG+蝶骨电极记录、PET检查及SPECT检查与术中ECoG致痫灶定位符合率分别为67.42%、74.57%、54.84%和52.45%.结论 VEEG在致痫灶定位中有重要的价值;对于颞叶内侧深部癫痫而言,术前以VEEG +蝶骨电极记录定位更为准确.     

超声引导下导丝定位在切除不可触及乳腺病变中的应用

目的:比较超声引导乳腺病灶表面皮肤标记定位和超声引导下导丝定位两种定位方法在超声可及、临床不可及乳腺病灶切除术中的作用.方法:分析超声引导乳腺病灶表面皮肤标记定位和超声引导下导丝定位乳腺病灶后行开放手术切除病人的临床资料,比较其在定位率、定位时间、手术时间、标本重量、切除组织量/病灶组织量比值、手术标本切缘及并发症等方面的差异.结果:两组在病灶定位成功率上没有差别.超声引导乳腺病灶表面皮肤标记定位组定位时间(7 min)较超声引导下导丝定位组(18 min)明显缩短(P＜0.01),但在手术时间上相反,前者需35 min,后者为23min(P＜0.01),手术切除标本重量前者(65 g)大于后者(43 g)(P＜0.01),切除组织量/病灶组织量比值前者(150)亦大于后者(67)(P＜0.01).手术切缘阳性率及并发症发生率没有差别.结论:超声引导下导丝定位准确率高、可缩短手术时间,避免切除过多正常乳腺组织从而减少对乳腺外形的影响,是超声引导乳腺病灶表面皮肤标记定位方法较好的替代.     

基于“9点3面”配准方案的CT和MRI异机二维图像融合研究

目的尝试一种基于体表定位的二维图像配准方法,实现MRI和CT异机图像的精确融合。方法输入MRI和CT原始数据后采用数字化格式转换,设计＂9点3面＂立体定位法进行配准,在实时工作站Mimics按照信息交互自动融合模式,通过讯号叠加技术完成图像融合。结果以肺癌患者的头、膝为实例交叉试验MRI和CT二维图像的异机融合,生成了分辨头部软硬组织同时呈现膝部病变性质和位置的互补影像,快捷而清晰。结论这种异机融合手段是对这一目前空缺技术的补充,同时,这一实验也将为医学成像厂家进一步研制MRI和CT同机融合设备提供经验借鉴。     

早、晚期双语者第二语言书写的脑功能定位及机制

目的 观察早、晚期双语者进行第二语言书写时的脑激活区并探讨其神经心理学机制.方法 12名受试者分为早、晚期习得高熟练程度双语组,分别执行假写和英语书写作业,进行功能成像后分别对两组的假写和英语书写的图像数据进行配对t检验,并对两组进行联合分析,分析葡萄糖代谢变化的区域,获得相应的脑功能激活图.结果 早期习得高熟练程度英语书写组葡萄糖代谢增加脑区:双侧额中回(Z=4.35/2.01)、双侧小脑(Z=2.97/2.53)、左侧尾状核头(Z=3.07)等;晚期习得高熟练程度英语书写组葡萄糖代谢增加脑区:右侧额上回(Z=4.06)、右侧小脑(Z=4.63)、左侧壳核(Z=2.70)等;晚期习得高熟练程度组和早期习得高熟练程度组比较葡萄糖代谢增加脑区:右侧额回(Z=2.92)、右侧颞叶(Z=2.31)等.本试验所获数据差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 广泛脑皮层、皮层下结构参与第二语言的书写过程.语言习得年龄是影响第二语言书写脑功能定位的因素之一.

Abstract：

Objective To observe activated cerebral areas during the task of writing in second language by early and late acquisition bilinguals and explore the neuropsychological mechanism. Methods Twelve subjects were divided into group of early acquisition high proficiency bilinguals(EAHP) and group of late acquisition high proficiency bilinguals(LAHP). Each subject carried out the task of pseudo-writing and English writing. After functional imaging,statistical parametric mapping was used to compare data of the two tasks through paired- t test in both two groups. A conjunction analysis was conducted between the two groups also. Areas where the metabolism of glucose changed were analyzed. Then, the corresponding images about activated cerebral regions were obtained.Results Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in EAHP: bilateral middle frontal gyrus( Z=4.35/2. 01 ), bilateral cerebellum ( Z = 2.97/2.53 ) and left head of caudate nucleus ( Z = 3.07 ), etc. Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in LAHP: right superior frontal gyrus(Z=4.06), right cerebellum( Z=4.63), left putamen(Z=2.70) ,etc. Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in compared data of LAHP with data of EAHP: right frontal gyrus ( Z = 2.92 ), right temporal lobe( Z = 2.31 ), etc. Conclusion Extensive cerebral cortex and subcortical structures participate the process of writing in the second language. Age of bilingual acquisition is one of the factors affecting cerebral localization of writing in second language.